What is Manganese?

Manganese is an essential mineral that is important for healthy bone development, wound healing, and maintaining healthy metabolism. It is also involved in the production of collagen, a protein that helps keep skin and other tissues healthy. Manganese is found in many foods, including nuts, whole grains, and leafy green vegetables, and is also available in supplement form.

History of Manganese

Manganese was first discovered in the 1700s by a Swedish chemist named Johan Gottlieb Gahn. However, it was not until the mid-1800s that manganese began to be used in industrial applications. Today, manganese is used in a variety of industries, including steel production, battery manufacturing, and agriculture.

Pharmacology of Manganese

Manganese is absorbed in the small intestine and is stored in the bones, liver, pancreas, and kidneys. The body uses manganese to support many physiological processes, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and cholesterol. Manganese also plays a role in antioxidant function and the regulation of blood sugar.

Chemistry of Manganese

Manganese is a transition metal with the atomic symbol Mn and the atomic number 25. It is a silvery-grey metal that is hard and brittle at room temperature. Manganese is found in a variety of minerals, including pyrolusite, rhodochrosite, and psilomelane.

Effects of Manganese: Positive and Negative

Positive Effects:

1. Bone Health: Manganese is important for healthy bone development and maintenance.

2. Wound Healing: Manganese plays a role in the production of collagen, which is important for wound healing.

3. Metabolism: Manganese is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and cholesterol.

4. Antioxidant Function: Manganese plays a role in antioxidant function, helping to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.

Negative Effects:

1. Neurotoxicity: Exposure to high levels of manganese can lead to neurotoxicity, which can cause symptoms such as tremors, difficulty walking, and changes in mood and behavior.

2. Respiratory Problems: Workers in industries that involve high levels of manganese exposure may develop respiratory problems.

Supplements to Boost Manganese

Manganese supplements are available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and liquids. Manganese supplements should be taken only under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Foods that are high in manganese include whole grains, nuts, and leafy green vegetables.

Warnings

Manganese supplements should be taken only under the guidance of a healthcare professional. High doses of manganese supplements can be toxic and can cause neurotoxicity. It is important to follow dosage instructions carefully and to speak with a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.

Conclusion

Manganese is an essential mineral that is important for healthy bone development, wound healing, and maintaining healthy metabolism. While manganese deficiency is rare, it is important to consume a balanced diet that includes foods that are high in manganese. Manganese supplements should be taken only under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as high doses can be toxic.

References:

1. National Institutes of Health. Manganese. Accessed April 22, 2023. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Manganese-HealthProfessional/

2. Oregon State University. Manganese. Accessed April 22, 2023. https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/minerals/manganese

3. Environmental Protection Agency. Manganese Compounds. Accessed April 22, 2023. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/manganese-compounds.pdf