What is Copper?

Copper is a mineral that is essential for many bodily functions, including the production of red blood cells, the maintenance of healthy bones and connective tissue, and the production of energy. It is found in many different foods, including liver, seafood, nuts, and seeds.

History

Copper has been used for thousands of years for various purposes, including as a material for tools, weapons, and jewelry. Its importance for human health was first recognized in the early 20th century.

Pharmacology

Copper is absorbed in the small intestine and is regulated by several hormones, including insulin and estrogen. Excess copper is excreted in the bile and feces. Copper supplements come in many different forms, including copper gluconate and copper citrate.

Chemistry

Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It has a reddish-orange color and is a relatively soft metal. It is not found in its pure form in nature but is commonly found in rocks and minerals.

Effects: Positive and Negative

Positive Effects:

1. Red blood cell production: Copper is necessary for the production of red blood cells and may help prevent anemia.
2. Bone health: Copper may help maintain healthy bones and prevent osteoporosis.
3. Energy production: Copper is necessary for the production of energy and may help reduce fatigue.
4. Connective tissue health: Copper is necessary for the maintenance of healthy connective tissue, including skin, cartilage, and tendons.

Negative Effects:

1. Nausea and vomiting: High doses of copper supplements may cause nausea and vomiting.
2. Liver damage: High doses of copper supplements may lead to liver damage in people with Wilson's disease, a genetic disorder that causes copper to accumulate in the body.
3. Zinc deficiency: High doses of copper supplements may interfere with zinc absorption and lead to zinc deficiency.

Supplements to Boost

Copper supplements are available over the counter and can be taken in the form of tablets or capsules. Copper supplements should be taken with food to improve absorption, and it is important to talk to your healthcare provider before taking them to ensure that they are safe and appropriate for your individual needs.

Warnings

It is possible to get too much copper, which can lead to nausea, vomiting, and liver damage. The recommended daily intake of copper for adults is 900 micrograms, and most people can meet their needs through diet alone. Copper supplements should not be taken in excess of this amount without the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Conclusion

Copper is an essential mineral that is necessary for many bodily functions, including the production of red blood cells, the maintenance of healthy bones and connective tissue, and the production of energy. While copper supplements can be helpful for some people, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider before taking them to ensure that they are safe and appropriate for your individual needs.

References

1. National Institutes of Health. Copper: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Copper-HealthProfessional/. Accessed April 22, 2023.

2. Strause L, Saltman P, Smith KT, et al. Spinal bone loss in postmenopausal women supplemented with calcium and trace minerals. J Nutr. 1994;124(7):1060-1064.

3. Rushton DH, Norris MJ, Dover R, et al. Factors influencing hair growth. Dermatology. 2005;210(2):118-125.

4. National Institutes of Health. Copper: Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Copper-Consumer/. Accessed April 22, 2023.

5. Linder MC. Biochemistry of Copper. New York: