What is Tryptophan?

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that is necessary for the proper functioning of the human body. It is important for the production of serotonin, which is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, and appetite. Tryptophan is also a precursor to melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles. While the body cannot produce tryptophan on its own, it can be obtained through the diet or through supplements.

History of Tryptophan

Tryptophan was first isolated in 1901 from the protein casein. In the 1950s and 1960s, tryptophan was studied for its role in the production of serotonin and melatonin. In the 1970s and 1980s, tryptophan supplements gained popularity as a natural remedy for depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. However, in 1989, a batch of tryptophan supplements was linked to a deadly outbreak of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS), which led to the withdrawal of tryptophan supplements from the market in many countries.

Pharmacology of Tryptophan

Tryptophan is absorbed from the diet and converted into 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in the liver. 5-HTP is then converted into serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is involved in the regulation of mood, sleep, and appetite. Tryptophan is also a precursor to melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tryptophan is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.

Chemistry of Tryptophan

Tryptophan is an aromatic amino acid that contains a benzene ring. It has a chemical formula of C11H12N2O2 and a molecular weight of 204.23 g/mol. Tryptophan is an essential amino acid, which means that it cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through the diet or through supplements.

Positive Effects of Tryptophan

1. Improves Mood: Tryptophan is a precursor to serotonin, which is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood. Studies have shown that tryptophan supplements can improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.

2. Improves Sleep: Tryptophan is a precursor to melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles. Studies have shown that tryptophan supplements can improve sleep quality and reduce the time it takes to fall asleep.

3. Reduces Inflammation: Tryptophan has anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to reduce inflammation in the body.

Negative Effects of Tryptophan

1. EMS: In 1989, a batch of tryptophan supplements was linked to a deadly outbreak of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS), which led to the withdrawal of tryptophan supplements from the market in many countries. While the exact cause of the EMS outbreak is not known, it is thought to be related to impurities in the manufacturing process.

2. Interactions with Medications: Tryptophan supplements may interact with certain medications, including antidepressants, sedatives, and antipsychotics. Therefore, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider before supplementing with tryptophan if you are taking any medications.

Supplements to Boost Tryptophan

Tryptophan supplements are widely available and can be taken in the form of capsules, tablets, or powder. Some of the supplements that can boost tryptophan levels in the body include:

Tryptophan supplements: Tryptophan supplements are widely available and can be taken in the form of capsules, tablets, or powder.Unfortunetly for New Zealand, Tryptophan supplements are limited to 100mg, meaning most international tryptaphan supplements are prohibited.

5-HTP supplements: 5-HTP is a precursor to serotonin, and supplements can increase serotonin levels in the brain. Unlike tryptophan, 5-HTP is not controlled in New Zealand, making it a suitable trypthan alternative for New Zealand residents.